shield volcano- when lava flows, it make a sloping mountain cinder cone- a cinder cone is a steep, cone-shaped hill or it could be a mountain Composite Volcanoes- tall mountains shaped like cones and are covered with layers of lava alternate with layers of ashes caldera- a huge hole left by a volcanic mountain that collapsed volcanic neck- when magma hardens in the volcano's pipe dike- when the magma forces itself across the rocks layer it hardens sill- when the magma goes between layers of hard rock batholith- a mass of rock that forms when a large body of magma in the crust cools
Outline
Landforms From Lava and Ash
shield volcanoes
in some places in the Earth's surface, thin layers of lava pour out of a vent and harden on top of previous layers
the lava gradually builds a wide, gently sloped mountain
cinder cone volcanoes
a steep, cone shaped hill or mountain
if a volcano's lava is thick and stiff, it may produce ash, cinders, and bombs
these materials pile up around the vent in a steep, cone-shaped pile
composite volcanoes
tall, cone-shaped mountains which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash
lava plateaus
some eruptions of lava form high, level areas called plateaus
lava is thin and runny, so it can travel far before cooling
after millions of years, the layers of lava can form high plateaus
calderas
enormous eruptions could empty the volcano
mountain becomes a hollow shell
mountain caves in and is filled with remains of the volcano, as well as some lava and ash
Soils from Lava and Ash
the soils made from the lava is extremely fertile, so people settle near volcanoes
Landforms from Magma
volcanic necks, dikes, and sills
a volcanic neck forms when magma hardens in a volcano's pipe
magma that forces itself across rock layers hardens into a dike
when magma squeezes between layers of rock, it forms a sill
batholiths
a batholith is a mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
dome mountains
forms when rising magma is blocked by horizontal layers of rock
the magma forces the layers of rock to bend upward into a dome shape
Table of Contents
3.3 Volcanic Landforms
Vocabulary
shield volcano- when lava flows, it make a sloping mountain
cinder cone- a cinder cone is a steep, cone-shaped hill or it could be a mountain
Composite Volcanoes- tall mountains shaped like cones and are covered with layers of lava alternate with layers of ashes
caldera- a huge hole left by a volcanic mountain that collapsed
volcanic neck- when magma hardens in the volcano's pipe
dike- when the magma forces itself across the rocks layer it hardens
sill- when the magma goes between layers of hard rock
batholith- a mass of rock that forms when a large body of magma in the crust cools
Outline
Landforms From Lava and Ash
Soils from Lava and Ash
Landforms from Magma